Converting an ex-ambulance into a campervan is a growing trend among van lifers in the UK. With their robust build, ample space, and unique charm, these vehicles offer a solid foundation for a bespoke campervan conversion. This guide will walk you through the pros and cons of choosing an ex-ambulance, the steps involved in the conversion process, and tips to ensure your new home on wheels is as comfortable and functional as possible.
Introduction
Van life has become an increasingly popular lifestyle choice in the UK, offering freedom, flexibility, and a closer connection to nature. This lifestyle allows people to explore the beauty of the countryside, enjoy outdoor activities, and live a more minimalist and sustainable life. One unique and practical option for those looking to join the van life community is converting an ex-ambulance into a campervan. These vehicles, once essential for emergency medical services, have many attributes that make them ideal candidates for conversion into cosy, functional campervans.
Ex-ambulances are built to high standards, with durability and safety in mind. They are designed to handle tough conditions and constant use, which translates into a robust and reliable vehicle for long-term travel. Furthermore, ambulances often come with a host of pre-installed features such as heavy-duty wiring, auxiliary power systems, and insulation, which can significantly reduce the cost and effort required for conversion.
The spacious interior of an ambulance provides a blank canvas that you can customise to suit your needs. Whether you dream of a fully equipped kitchen, a comfortable sleeping area, or a compact bathroom, the generous space allows for numerous configurations. Additionally, ambulances usually have windows and ventilation systems already in place, enhancing both the aesthetic appeal and functionality of your campervan.
Another advantage is that ex-ambulances typically have a comprehensive service history, ensuring that they have been well-maintained. This regular maintenance includes frequent servicing and the use of high-quality parts, which can save you money on repairs and upkeep in the long run.
However, converting an ex-ambulance into a campervan is not without its challenges. The process involves significant planning, technical know-how, and a considerable investment of time and money. It's important to weigh the pros and cons carefully before embarking on this project. This guide aims to provide you with all the necessary information to make an informed decision and successfully convert an ex-ambulance into your dream campervan.
Pros of Converting an Ex-Ambulance
Robust Construction: Ambulances are built to high standards, ensuring durability and safety. They are designed to withstand heavy use and rough handling, making them ideal for long-term travel. Their solid construction also includes reinforced frames and high-quality materials that can handle the rigours of the road.
Ample Space: Ex-ambulances offer generous interior space compared to standard vans. This allows for a more comfortable living area and the potential to include additional amenities. The high ceilings and wide body of ambulances provide enough room to stand and move around freely, which is a significant advantage over other types of vans.
Pre-Installed Features: Many ambulances come equipped with features such as heavy-duty wiring, auxiliary power systems, insulation, and windows. These pre-installed elements can reduce the cost and effort required for conversion. The built-in insulation is particularly beneficial, as it helps maintain a comfortable temperature inside the van, making it suitable for year-round use.
Great Service History: Ambulances are regularly maintained to ensure they are always in top condition. They often have a detailed service history, which means you can be confident about their mechanical reliability. This regular maintenance includes frequent servicing and the use of high-quality parts, which can save you money on repairs and upkeep in the long run.
Unique Character: An ex-ambulance has a distinctive look that sets it apart from standard campervans. This can add a unique charm to your mobile home. The exterior of an ambulance, with its distinctive shape and features, can be a talking point and a source of pride for many van lifers.
Affordability: Ex-ambulances can be relatively inexpensive to purchase second-hand, offering a cost-effective starting point for your conversion project. Given their durability and pre-installed features, they offer great value for money compared to other options.
Cons of Converting an Ex-Ambulance
Complicated Mechanics: Ambulances often come with complex electrical and mechanical systems that may require specialist knowledge to modify or repair. This can be daunting for those without technical skills and may require hiring professionals, which can increase the overall cost of the conversion.
Weight and Fuel Efficiency: Ambulances are typically heavier than standard vans, which can result in lower fuel efficiency and higher running costs. The added weight of medical equipment and reinforcements means these vehicles consume more fuel, impacting your budget for long trips.
Size and Parking: The larger size of an ambulance can make it more challenging to navigate narrow roads and find suitable parking spaces, especially in urban areas. Their height and length can restrict access to certain places, and finding a parking spot that accommodates their size can be difficult.
Initial Modifications: Some ambulances may require significant modifications to remove medical equipment and reconfigure the interior layout, which can be time-consuming and costly. Removing built-in cabinets, benches, and medical fixtures can be a labour-intensive process.
Regulatory Compliance: Converting an ex-ambulance into a campervan involves navigating various legal requirements and obtaining the necessary certifications, which can be complex and time-consuming. Ensuring that your vehicle meets DVLA standards for reclassification as a motor caravan involves detailed paperwork and inspections.
Step-by-Step Conversion Process
Buying an Ex-Ambulance
When looking to purchase an ex-ambulance, it’s essential to take your time to find a vehicle that suits your needs and budget. Here are more detailed steps to guide you through this process:
Research and Sources:
Fleet Auctions: These are often the primary source for purchasing decommissioned ambulances. Keep an eye on auction websites and attend local fleet auctions.
Specialist Dealers: Some dealers specialise in selling ex-emergency vehicles. They may offer additional services such as vehicle inspections and warranties.
Online Marketplaces: Websites like eBay, Gumtree, and Auto Trader often list ex-ambulances. Ensure you check the seller’s reputation and read reviews if available.
Inspection Tips:
Exterior: Look for signs of rust, dents, or previous repairs. Check the condition of the tyres and ensure all doors and windows are operational. It is advisable to remove any exterior stickers, lights, and sirens, which are remnants of the vehicle’s former life. These items not only detract from the campervan's aesthetic but can also complicate the conversion process. Stickers and decals can be difficult to remove completely and might leave residue, while sirens and lights could interfere with new installations or clutter the exterior.
Engine and Mechanics: Verify the engine’s condition, checking for any leaks or unusual noises. Ask for a full service history to confirm regular maintenance.
Interior: Inspect the condition of the existing fixtures, wiring, and insulation. While you may remove or replace many interior elements, understanding their current state can help you plan your conversion more effectively.
Planning Your Layout
Designing the layout of your campervan is a crucial step. Here’s how to make the most of the space available in an ex-ambulance:
Creating a Floor Plan:
Measure and Sketch: Start by measuring the interior dimensions of your ambulance. Sketch a floor plan to scale, including doors, windows, and any fixed elements.
Zoning: Divide the space into functional zones such as sleeping, cooking, dining, and storage areas. Think about how you will move between these zones and how they will interact.
Essential Features:
Sleeping Area: Decide on the size and type of bed. Options include fixed beds, fold-away beds, or convertible sofa beds.
Kitchen: Plan for a compact kitchen with essential appliances like a stove, sink, and fridge. Consider incorporating a fold-down table for extra counter space.
Bathroom: If you choose to include a bathroom, plan for a compact wet room with a shower and toilet. Ensure adequate ventilation and waterproofing.
Storage: Maximise storage with overhead cabinets, under-bed storage, and multipurpose furniture. Custom-built storage solutions can help you utilise every inch of space.
Essential Tools and Materials
Before you start the conversion, make sure you have the right tools and materials:
Tools:
Power Tools: Drill, circular saw, jigsaw, and sander.
Hand Tools: Screwdrivers, wrenches, hammers, and pliers.
Measuring Tools: Tape measure, spirit level, and square.
Safety Gear: Gloves, safety glasses, dust mask, and ear protection.
Materials:
Insulation: Foam board, spray foam, or fibreglass. Reflective insulation can also help manage temperature.
Plywood: Use for building furniture and lining walls. Marine-grade plywood is durable and moisture-resistant.
Wiring and Electrical Components: High-quality wiring, connectors, fuses, switches, and outlets. Consider purchasing a complete van conversion electrical kit.
Plumbing Supplies: Freshwater and greywater tanks, pipes, fittings, and a water pump.
Flooring: Vinyl, laminate, or carpet tiles. Ensure the material is durable and easy to clean.
Insulation and Flooring
Proper insulation and flooring are key to creating a comfortable living environment:
Insulation:
Choosing Materials: Foam board is easy to install and provides good thermal insulation. Spray foam offers excellent coverage but can be messy to apply. Fibreglass insulation is effective but requires careful handling.
Installation: Cut insulation to fit between wall studs and roof beams. Use adhesive to secure foam board and ensure all gaps are filled. For spray foam, follow the manufacturer’s instructions for application.
Vapour Barrier: Install a vapour barrier to prevent moisture build-up. This can be a plastic sheet or specialised vapour barrier paint.
Flooring:
Subfloor Installation: Install a subfloor made of plywood to provide a stable base. Insulate beneath the subfloor for additional thermal efficiency.
Choosing Flooring: Vinyl flooring is durable and easy to clean. Laminate flooring provides a more home-like feel but may require more maintenance. Carpet tiles can add warmth and comfort.
Installation: Lay the flooring material according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Ensure a snug fit around edges and secure with adhesive or screws as needed.
Electrical and Plumbing Systems
Setting up reliable electrical and plumbing systems is essential for off-grid living:
Electrical Setup:
Power Needs Assessment: List all electrical appliances and devices you plan to use. Calculate total power consumption to determine battery and solar panel requirements.
Solar Panels: Install solar panels on the roof to harness renewable energy. Connect them to a charge controller, battery bank, and inverter.
Battery Bank: Choose deep-cycle batteries for reliable power storage. Lithium batteries are more efficient and longer-lasting than lead-acid batteries.
Wiring: Use high-quality wiring for safety and durability. Follow a wiring diagram to ensure all connections are correct. Include fuses and circuit breakers for protection.
Plumbing:
Water Tanks: Install fresh water and grey water tanks. Freshwater tanks supply clean water, while greywater tanks collect used water from sinks and showers.
Water Pump: A 12V water pump ensures adequate water pressure. Install it near the freshwater tank and connect it to the plumbing system.
Plumbing Fixtures: Choose compact and efficient fixtures. Install a sink in the kitchen area and consider a shower if space allows. Ensure all connections are watertight to prevent leaks.
Interior Design and Furnishing
Creating a comfortable and inviting interior is the final step in your conversion:
Furniture:
Building or Buying: Decide whether to build custom furniture or purchase ready-made pieces. Custom-built furniture can be tailored to your space, but ready-made options save time.
Multifunctional Pieces: Opt for furniture that serves multiple purposes, such as a sofa bed or a fold-out table. This maximises space and functionality.
Storage Solutions: Use overhead cabinets, under-seat storage, and built-in shelves to keep your living area organised. Custom-built storage can be designed to fit odd spaces and maximise utility.
Aesthetics:
Colour Scheme: Use light colours to make the interior feel larger and more open. Add pops of colour with cushions, curtains, and decor items.
Lighting: Install LED lights for energy efficiency. Use a combination of ambient, task, and accent lighting to create a cosy atmosphere.
Personal Touches: Add personal touches such as photos, artwork, and plants to make your campervan feel like home. Soft furnishings like rugs and throws can add warmth and comfort.
Legal Requirements and Insurance
Converting an ex-ambulance into a campervan involves complying with various legal requirements and securing appropriate insurance:
Criteria: To reclassify your vehicle as a motor caravan, it must have a sleeping area, cooking facilities, and storage. It should also look like a campervan externally.
Application Process: Submit detailed photos and descriptions of your conversion to the DVLA. Ensure you meet all criteria and include necessary documents.
Inspection: Be prepared for a potential inspection by the DVLA to verify your vehicle meets the required standards.
MOT and Roadworthiness:
Regular Checks: Maintain up-to-date MOT and ensure your vehicle meets all safety standards. Regularly inspect critical components like brakes, tyres, and lights.
Modifications: Ensure any modifications made during the conversion do not compromise the vehicle’s safety or roadworthiness. Consult a professional if in doubt.
Insurance:
Specialist Policies: Obtain insurance coverage specifically designed for self-build campervans. These policies cover both the vehicle and its contents.
Coverage Details: Ensure your policy covers accidents, theft, and damage. Consider additional coverage for breakdown assistance and personal belongings.
Cost Breakdown
Understanding the costs involved in converting an ex-ambulance into a campervan is crucial for budgeting:
Initial Purchase: Ex-ambulances typically range from £3,000 to £8,000, depending on the age, mileage, and condition.
Conversion Costs:
Insulation: £200 - £800, depending on materials and van size.
Electrical System: £1,000 - £3,000, including solar panels, batteries, and wiring.
Plumbing System: £300 - £1,000, including tanks, pump, and fixtures.
Interior: £2,000 - £10,000, including flooring, furniture, and decor.
Ongoing Maintenance:
Servicing: Regular servicing is essential. Budget £200 - £500 annually for maintenance.
Repairs: Set aside funds for unexpected repairs. Regular checks can help identify issues early and reduce costs.
Conclusion
Converting an ex-ambulance into a campervan is an exciting and rewarding project. With their robust construction, ample space, and unique character, ex-ambulances offer a great foundation for creating a bespoke mobile home. However, it’s essential to consider the challenges and costs involved, from the initial purchase and conversion process to ongoing maintenance and compliance with legal requirements.
By following this detailed guide, you can navigate the conversion process with confidence and create a campervan that meets your needs and lifestyle. Embrace the van life and enjoy the freedom of the open road in your very own ex-ambulance campervan. For more detailed information and step-by-step guidance